Students learn the basics of programming. In computer operation, it is necessary to write the processing contents into a program. The C language is used for this purpose. Students learn three major elements constituting the programming control structure: sequential, iterative, and branching. The goal is to understand the program elements, such as variables, types, conditional branches, repetitions, arrays, and functions; the program structures; and the processing flow, by developing and executing actual programs.

Quantum mechanics can describe the state near absolute zero temperature. Statistical mechanics is necessary to understand the state of many particle systems at nonzero temperature. At absolute zero temperature, the internal energy is a minimum. At nonzero temperature, the state is determined by the competition between the internal energy and the tendency to increase entropy (disorder). In this lecture, students learn statistical mechanics through discussions of these principles from a microscopic point of view. Specifically, topics include the microscopic description of entropy, a two-level system as a model of a permanent magnet (ferromagnetic material), derivation of the equation of state for an ideal gas, description of ferromagnetic phase transition using molecular field approximation, etc., as an introduction to quantum statistical mechanics.